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Experiment 2 OHM LAW
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Items contents, topic exp 2 : ohmโs law.
- To verify Ohmโs Law
- To determine the effective resistance of the resistors in series and parallel combination. THEORY At constant temperature the potential difference, V across a conductor is directly proportional to the current, I that flows through it. The constant of proportionality is known as resistance of the conductor denoted by R.
Mathematically, ๐ โ ๐ผ ๐ = ๐ผ๐ 2.
For resistors in series, the equivalent resistance is: ๐ = ๐ 1 + ๐ 2 + ๐ 3 +... 2.
For resistors in parallel, the equivalent resistance is: 1 ๐ =
1 ๐ 3 + .... 2.
APPARATUS Apparatus Range Sensitivity battery - - D ammeter 0 โ 1 A ยฑ0 ๐ด D voltmeter 0 โ 5 V ยฑ0 ๐ Three resistors of the same resistance, 27 โฆ
A Switch - - Few connecting wires - -
Determine the resistance of each resistor from their colour bands.
The circuit as shown in Figure 2 is set up. The three resistors must be connected in series.
The resistance value in the resistance box are changed to get a minimum reading of the milliammeter, I . The reading of the voltmeter V and the milliammeter, I .
The resistance values in the resistance box are changed to obtain at least five different values of V and I .
A graph of V against I is plotted.
From the graph, the effective resistance in series is deduced respectively.
The circuit as shown in Figure 2 is set up.
Steps (3) to (5) are repeated for other values of I and V.
From the graph, the effective resistance of the three resistors connected in parallel is deduced.
The value obtained in steps (6) and (9) is compared with the calculated theoretical values.
From the two plotted graphs, the Ohmโs Law is verified.
Percentage difference 100% 6. 1%
The experiment value of effective resistance is 6 โฆ, but the standard value is 6. โฆ. The percentage of difference from the standard value is 1%. The inaccuracy were due to several possible errors may occur during the experiment.
Some sources/mistakes that maybe occurred during the experiment are as follow:
Errors / Difficulty Precaution / Suggestion Circuit is switched on for a long period of time. This may increase the resistance as resistance is proportional to the temperature.
Let the circuit to โrestโ after some time to avoid the circuit from heating up.
Parallax errors may occur when taking the reading of ammeter and voltmeter.
Look at the ammeter or voltmeter perpendicularly when taking the reading.
Range of resistance of carbon resistor is large because the toleranceโs band is gold (5%).
Use the resistor with lower tolerance which is less than 5%.
Answer all the questions (if any).
CONCLUSION 1) From this experiment, we can conclude that the Ohmโs Law is obeyed as a
straight line graphs are obtained from both graph and V ๏ต I.
- Effective resistance, Reff in parallel is, Req = 6 ฮฉ
- Multiple Choice
Course : Physics (SP_025)
University : kolej matrikulasi kelantan.
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