critical thinking quizlet chapter 2

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2 - TEST BANK IGNATIVIUS

Med surg (nur 304), massachusetts college of pharmacy and health sciences.

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Preview text, chapter 02: clinical judgment and systems thinking, ignatavicius: medical-surgical nursing, 10th edition, multiple choice, 1. a nurse asks the charge nurse to explain the difference between critical thinking and clinical, judgment. what statement by the charge nurse is best, a. “clinical judgment is often clouded by erroneous hypotheses.”, b. “clinical judgment is the observable outcome of critical thinking.”, c. “critical thinking requires synthesizing interactions within a situation.”, d. “critical thinking is the highest level of nursing judgment.”, clinical judgment is the observable outcome of critical thinking and decision making. it can, be, but most often is not, clouded by erroneous hypotheses. recognizing, understanding, and, synthesizing interactions and interdependencies in a set of components designed for a specific, purpose is systems thinking. critical thinking is not the highest level of nursing judgment..

DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Clinical judgment MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

2. The nurse understands which information regarding patient-centered care?

A. a competency recognizing the client as the source of control of his or her care, b. a project addressing challenges in implementing patient-centered care, c. purposeful, informed, and outcome-focused care of clients or families, d. the ability to use best evidence and practice when making care-related decisions, patient-centered care is a qsen competency that recognizes the patient or caregiver as the, source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on, respect for the patient’s preferences, values, and needs. qsen is a project addressing the, challenge of preparing future nurses with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (ksas), necessary to continuously improve the quality and safety of the health care systems in which, they work. critical thinking is the application of purposeful, informed, and outcome-focused, care. the ability to use best evidence and practice when making care-related decisions is, evidence-based practice..

DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Patient-centered care MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

3. A nurse wishes to participate in an activity that will influence health outcomes. What action

By the nurse best meets this objective, a. creating a transportation system for health care appointments, b. lobbying with a national organization for health care policy, c. organizing a food pantry in an impoverished community, d. running for election to the county public health board, all options are good choices for an altruistic nurse wishing to influence health outcomes;, however, being involved in policy creation and health care reform is an activity specifically, recognized to improve health outcomes. this action will also affect a wider population than, the more local options..

DIF: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation KEY: Health outcomes MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

4. What factor best predicts a nurse’s willingness to employ critical thinking?

B. knowledge, c. presence, all attributes are important in nursing, however; the nurse’s willingness to think critically is, predicted by caring behaviors, self-reflection, and insight..

DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment KEY: Critical thinking MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

5. To demonstrate clinical reasoning skills, what action does the nurse take?

A. collaborating with co-workers to buddy up for lunch breaks, b. delegating frequent vital signs on a new postoperative patient, c. documenting a complete history and physical on an admission, d. requesting the provider order medication for a client with high potassium, the components of clinical reasoning include assessing, analyzing, planning, implementing,, and evaluating. this nurse shows the ability to analyze by interpreting the meaning of the lab, value, to plan by anticipating the consequences of the lab value, and to implement by taking.

DIF: Analyzing TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation KEY: Clinical judgment MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

6. The new nurse asks the preceptor how context affects clinical judgment. What response by the

Preceptor is best, a. “context considers the whole of the patient’s story and circumstances.”, b. “it shouldn’t, only nursing knowledge would affect clinical judgment.”, c. “outside influences such as environment in which you provide care, influence, your decisions.”, d. “the context of the situation provides an extra layer of complexity to consider.”, the context of a situation considers and supports clinical judgment. the factors within this, layer—such as environment, time pressure, availability or content of electronic health records,, resources, and individual nursing knowledge—have a direct impact on clinical judgment. the, other two options are too vague to provide appropriate information..

DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Systems thinking MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. The expert nurse understands that critical thinking requires which elements to be present?

( select all that apply. ), a. based on logic, creativity, and intuition, b. driven by needs, c. focused on safety and quality, d. grounded in a specific theory, e. guided by standards, f. requires forming options about evidence, ans: a, b, c, e, critical thinking must be based on logic, creativity, and intuition; driven by patient, family, or, community needs; focused on safety and quality; guided by standards, policies, ethics, and, laws; based on principles of nursing process, problem-solving, and the scientific method, (requires forming opinions and making decisions based on evidence); centered on, identification of the key problems, issues, and risks; and grounded in strategies that make the, most of human potential. it is not dependent on using a specific theory..

DIF: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning KEY: Critical thinking MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

2. The nurse manager is conducting an annual evaluation of a staff nurse and is appraising the

Nurse’s clinical reasoning. what nurse actions does the manager observe to help form this, judgment ( select all that apply. ), a. anticipating consequences of actions, b. delegating appropriately, c. interpreting data, d. noticing cues, e. setting priorities, ans: a, c, d, e, the phases of clinical reasoning include assessing (noticing cues), analyzing (interpreting, data), planning (anticipating consequences and setting priorities), implementing, and, evaluating. delegating appropriately is not included in this model..

DIF: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Evaluation KEY: Clinical reasoning MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

3. According to the WHO, what does primary care involve? ( Select all that apply. )

A. empowered people and communities, b. essential public functions, c. multisectoral policy and action, d. primary care, e. priority consideration of chronic diseases, f. elimination of chronic diseases, ans: a, b, c, d, according to the who, primary care involves three main areas: empowered people and, communities, primary care and essential public functions, and multisectoral policy and action., primary care focuses on both prevention and management of chronic disease..

DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning KEY: Primary care, Systems thinking MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

4. A nurse wishes to work in a community-based practice setting. Which areas would this nurse

Explore for employment ( select all that apply. ), a. hospice facility, b. “minute clinic”, c. mobile mammography unit, d. small community hospital, e. telehealth, f. home health care, ans: a, b, c, e, f, the multiple avenues providing community-based care include hospice, “minute” or retail, clinics, mobile screening and diagnostic services, telehealth, private medical practices,, outpatient services, freestanding points of care, home health care, long-term ambulatory care,, public health, and free clinics. inpatient services in a hospital are not considered primary care.

DIF: Remembering TOP: Integrated Process: NA KEY: Community-based care MSC: Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

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Chapter 2 Answer Key to Select Chapter Exercises

Exercise 2.1 2. The essential ingredients of critical thinking are a systematic approach, involving the evaluation or formulation of claims, based on rational standards. 3. Peer pressure is a kind of group pressure to accept a statement or act in a certain way. Specifically, such group pressure is called ‘peer pressure’ when the pressure to conform comes from one’s peers. 4. Fake news is false information masquerading as news. 9. A kind of biased thinking in which we notice certain things and ignore others, even though we should be noticing both. The remedy is to make a conscious effort to look for opposing evidence. 10. We may ignore facts that contradict our beliefs and search out facts that support them. 13. The fallacy of arguing that a claim must be true merely because a substantial number of people believe it. 19. The view that we know much less than we think we do or nothing at all. Exercise 2.2 2. Self-interested 5. Group pressure 8. Face-saving 9. Group pressure Exercise 2.3 2. B, C 5. D Exercise 2.4 2. Peer pressure. Possible negative consequence: Harm to Prathamesh’s self-esteem; risk of alienating a valuable player. 6. Appeal to popularity. Possible negative consequence: Damage to the politician’s reputation as a decisive decision-maker; establishment of a precedent in which politicians cave in to pressure. Exercise 2.5 3. Face-saving. Possible negative consequence: public opinion of Antonio may sink even lower, and political allies may choose to distance themselves from him. 5. Face-saving; possible negative consequences: Dishonesty, which misleads people and sets Justin up for self-deception or future dishonesty.

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