- CBSE Class 11
- CBSE Class 11 Physics Practical
- To Find The Speed Of Sound In Air At Room Temperature Using A Resonance Tube By Two Resonance Positions
To Find the Speed of Sound in Air at Room Temperature Using a Resonance Tube by Two Resonance Positions
To find the speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube by two resonance positions.
Apparatus/Materials Required
- Resonance tube
- Thermometer
- Set Squares
- Water in a beaker
- Two-timing forks of known frequency
Let l 1 and l 2 be the length of the air column for the first and second resonance respectively with a tuning fork of frequency f .
The speed is given by the formula
Substituting, we get
- By making base horizontal with the help of levelling screws, set the resonance tube vertical.
- Fix the reservoir R in the uppermost position.
- Loosen the pinch cock P and fill the reservoir and metallic tube completely with water by a beaker.
- Tighten the pinch cock, lower the reservoir and fix it in the lowest position.
- Take a tuning fork of higher frequency
Observation
The temperature of the air in the air column:
(i) in the beginning ____ °C
(ii) at the end _____°C
The mean temperature is calculated as follows:
Frequency of first tuning fork = f 1
Frequency of second tuning fork = f 2
Calculation
From the first tuning fork,
From the second tuning fork,
The mean velocity at room temperature is given as follows:
At room temperature, the velocity of sound in air is _____ m/s.
1. What is the working principle of the resonance tube?
It works on the principle of resonance of the air column with a tuning fork.
2. What types of waves are produced in the air column?
Longitudinal stationary waves are produced in the air column.
3. Do you find the velocity of sound in air column or in the water column?
The velocity of sound is found in the air column above the water column.
4. What are the possible errors in the result?
The two possible errors in the result are:
(i) The enclosed air in the air column is denser than the outside air, this may reduce the velocity of air.
(ii) The humidity above the enclosed water column may increase the velocity of sound.
5. Will the result be affected if we take other liquids than water?
No, it will not be affected.
Sound Visualisation
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Interview Question and Answer of Resonance Tube
Question-1. Define time period
Answer-1: It is the time required to complete one vibration or oscillation. It is reciprocal of frequency and measured in seconds.
Question-2. What is resonance?
Answer-2: Resonance is a phenomenon in which there is a marked increase in the amplitude of a vibrating, body by the influence of a second vibrating body having the same time period as the first.
Question-3. What is an echo?
Answer-3: Echo is the effect produced when sound wave is reflected on striking a solid obstacle like wall or rock.
Question-4. What type of waves are produced in the air column?
Answer-4: Longitudinal or compressional stationary waves.
Question-5. An open end is a node or antinode?
Answer-5: An antinode.
Question-6. Is there a node or antinode at the close end of water level?
Answer-6: A node.
Question-7. Where resonance is produced?
Answer-7: In the air column.
Question-8. Can you call it an organ pipe?
Answer-8: Yes, a closed organ pipe.
Question-9. What is an organ pipe?
Answer-9: The organ pipes are wind pipes in which the air column resonates.
Question-10. What is sound?
Answer-10: Physically the compressional waves produced in a material medium. Psychologically the sensation or hearing produced in the brain.
Question-11. What is the relation between the velocity of sound and the temperature?
Answer-11: Velocity of Sound (V) is directly proportional to square root of teperature (T). For 1 o C rise of temperature the velocity of sound increases by 0.6 m/s.
Question-12. What is meant by end-correction?
Answer-12: The distance between the open of the tube and the antinode at the position of tunning fork.
Question-13. How can you find the end correction (E)?
Answer-13: By using the relation E = 0.3 d Where d is the internal diameter of the tube.
Question-14. What is the fundamental frequency ?
Answer-14: The minimum frequency that can produce resonance.
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